High forest gleaner. Uncommon in western US. Timing: summer. Prefers dry, open forests in foothills and higher. Small with a hooked, stubby bill; plumage is olive, dusky blue and white spectacles. Slow, deliberate forager in mid- to low canopy. Intermediate species of the Solitary Vireo complex (Blue-headed, Cassin’s and Plumbeous). Fierce nest defenders – female may refuse to leave nest no matter what. Diet includes insects. Oldest wild individual recorded was probably about7 years. Population ~ 42 million.